Dams are critical components of the infrastructure in India. There are 5187 large dams in India (4839 completed and 348 under construction). Many of these structures are old, maintained poorly and the knowledge on their actual safety and state of operation is limited. The dams are aging further, but are also facing different circumstances than when designed, often decades or more ago. India has a long history of dam failures, a recent breach happened in 2009 in the Moolathara Dam in Kerala state.
The water reservoirs behind these dams are of vital importance to the cities and urban areas in India. They provide water for irrigation of the land, are used to generate electricity and offer protection against flooding. Reservoirs are used to regulate water distribution for domestic and industrial use.

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